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In many cities across Europe, both urban authorities and private actors have made strong commitments to adapt to future climate changes. Although a lot of climate information is available at…
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To be able to tailor extreme wind information in order to address the needs of various end-users, a synthesised understanding summarizing these needs is required. In this article we summarize…
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Climate services are defined as the provision of climate information in a way that assists decision making by individuals and organizations. Climate indices are useful synthetic measures, easily comprehensible for…
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Wildfires are critical natural hazards, both in the Mediterranean and boreal regions of Europe, causing significant environmental and economic damages and losses. Operational drought and fire risk forecast services on…
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FMI’s Climate Bulletin Research Letters autumn issue provides 9 peer-reviewed short papers. Next issue will be published in spring 2020. Short papers in the autumn issue: Thunderstorm observations in Finland…
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Historical time series of occurrence of thunderstorms in Finland reveals a large year-to-year variation. On average, there are annually 134 000 cloud-to-ground flashes in Finland. TERHI K. LAURILA, ANTTI MÄKELÄFinnish…
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Lightning location data from an extensive period can be used to characterise the typical occurrence of thunderstorms and lightning. In Finland, most of the lightning occurs in the western parts….
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Extending the fire risk forecasts to sub-seasonal scale allows rescue services and other authorities to prepare for potential forest fires earlier in advance, which can reduce the negative impact caused…
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Fire spread modelling programs could bring many benefits to the rescue services. Information about the potential spread of an ongoing wildfire, better planning of prescribed burning and a tool for…
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Snow cover and snow depth are important climatic parameters in the boreal zone. Besides their relevance as climate change indicators, they play important roles in regional forest ecology, agriculture and…
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Almost one in four Europeans can be identified as having denialists attitudes towards climate change. People whose identity and worldview are more threatened by societal changes associated with climate change…
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